Epidemiological profile of cancer in a secondary-level hospital in the Federal District: a retrospective study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51723/hrj.v7i35.1288Keywords:
Neoplasms, Secondary hospital, Federal District, Diagnostic delay, Oncological careAbstract
Objective: to analyze the epidemiological profile of cancer in a secondarylevel hospital in the Federal District, assessing care intervals and clinical outcomes in light of the Brazilian “30-day” and “60-day” cancer care laws. Methods: this was a retrospective, descriptive epidemiological study based on the review of 80 medical records of patients hospitalized in 2022 in the Internal Medicine and General Surgery wards of the Sobradinho Regional Hospital. Demographic, clinical, and temporal variables related to the diagnostic and therapeutic process were analyzed. Results: gastrointestinal cancers were the most prevalent (52.5%), followed by breast cancer (10%), with a predominance of female patients (57.5%) and a mean age of 58 years. A high proportion of patients presented with metastatic disease at admission (45%), and in-hospital mortality exceeded 50%. Mean times to diagnosis and length of hospital stay showed wide variability and frequently exceeded the legally established limits. Patients hospitalized due to complications and metastatic disease had longer hospital stays and higher mortality. Conclusions: these findings highlight significant delays and structural weaknesses in the oncological care pathway, inconsistent with current legal frameworks. Strengthening secondary care, integrating health information systems, and improving diagnostic timeliness are essential to reduce morbidity and mortality and to improve the quality of oncological care within the Brazilian Unified Health System.
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