Profile of infections in hip arthroplasty: an integrative review

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Surgical procedures are performed in large quantities all over the world,
thus, the risks of infections increase, which generates divergence in treatment, prolongation of
hospitalization, costs among others. Hip arthroplasty is a major surgery, which nowadays has
new materials and techniques to carry out a safer procedure, and to make infection rates
lower. However, every surgery is likely to develop infections, and when the etiologic agent is
recognized, treatment is more targeted and concise. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study is to
analyze the profile of surgical infections in hip arthroplasty. METHODS: It is an integrative
review of studies available on the Virtual Health Library (VHL) platform, using LILACS,
PUBMED and SCIELO databases, with the descriptors; Infection, Arthroplasty and Hip. The
articles covered in the results are from publications referring to the years 2015 to 2020,
according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. RESULTS: Samples related to the theme of
the study showed Arterial Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus and Smoking as the risk factors
most associated with patients undergoing hip arthroplasty, as the choice for antibiotic
prophylaxis, cefazoline was used in most cases and Staphylococcus aureus as the most
commonly found agent in cultures. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that it is highly relevant to
maintain care in the postoperative period and in case of signs of infection, early culture favors
treatment.