Nursing diagnosis in patients with type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Introduction: Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus is an autoimmune disease resulting from the
destruction of pancreatic β cells, leading to a complete deficiency in insulin production.
Objective: to identify the main Nursing Diagnoses according to the NANDA-I taxonomy in
adults with DM1. Materials and Methods: Descriptive multiple case study based on
objective and subjective data of people with DM 1 undergoing insulin therapy. Data
collection occurred through the application of a questionnaire and nursing consultation
including anamnesis and physical examination. The main Nursing Diagnoses were identified
according to the NANDA-I taxonomy. Results and discussion: 30 patients with a medical
diagnosis of DM1 were evaluated. Regarding the main Nursing Diagnoses, the most prevalent
were identified as: acute pain (66.7%), impaired tissue integrity (60.0%), impaired skin
integrity (53.3%) and impaired comfort (50%). Regarding the amount of insulin application,
most reported taking more than 5 daily applications. Conclusion: The importance of
systematic nursing care for patients with DM1 is highlighted, with emphasis on guidelines on
insulin therapy and skin care, identifying possible changes and preventing complications.