Outcomes of pregnancy in the face of contamination by COVID-19: a systematic review

Abstract

ABSTRACT 

            Objective: the present study aims to investigate the possible outcomes of pregnancy in the face of contamination by the COVID-19 virus. Method: a systematic review where scientific studies published between the years 2019 and 2021 were analyzed, with topics about COVID-19 in pregnant women and its complications, as well as its influence on the outcome of pregnancy. A total of 3830 articles were selected; after exclusion of duplicates, application of inclusion and exclusion criteria and evaluation of bias, 13 articles were used. Results: The immune system is possibly heavily altered by the virus; other factors that also influence are patients who have comorbidities, especially hypertension and obesity, which often produce preterm labor, premature rupture of membranes, miscarriage and restricted intrauterine growth. In the respiratory system, there is elevation of the diaphragm, reduction of the expiratory reserve and hyperventilation. Asymptomatic pregnant women or those with mild symptoms show a significant improvement and without the need for further interventions; patients who show signs of disease may need to be followed up in Intensive Care Units. There is a prevalence of cesarean section compared to vaginal delivery. Conclusion: The gestational outcomes are mostly positive, it was found that pregnant women who have comorbidities may experience worsening in their clinical status.